At present, the diesel engine has been widely used electronically controlled fuel injection system. Diesel Engine Electronic Control Fuel Injection There are two ways: First, the traditional fuel pump - pipeline - the nozzle system, based on the only governor, fuel improvements in advance of the electronic control device; second is the concept of using a new injection , direct control nozzle.
1, electric-controlled in-line injection pump
In-line pump developed on the basis of the electronically controlled fuel injection device up, it has the fuel injection quantity and injection timing control or have one of these functions, some control system also has the fuel injection pressure and injection rate and other control functions.
Electronically controlled fuel injection pump in-line volume control device for electronic control governor. Electronically controlled fuel injection timing allows the amount of change with the speed control and easy to implement, and its response speed than the mechanical or mechanical hydraulic governor is much faster, so a very wide scope of application. Electric governor according to the different implementing agencies can be divided into electronic speed controller (such as Japan DKK's RED-electronic speed controller, the German Heinzmann the company's E-type electronic governor and the United States Barber Colmann company's electronic speed control , etc.) and electronic-hydraulic governor (such as the German Bosch company's EDR-type governor, etc.).
Electronically controlled in-line fuel injection pump timing device in general use of electronic-hydraulic actuator, such as the German MTU's 880 series diesel engine ECS system, Denso's ECD-P3-type electro-hydraulic timing devices and the U.S. Caterpillar company's PEEC system and so on.
Japan ZEXEL's TICS system uses the plunger sleeve-type timing adjusting mechanism, by controlling the timing plunger sleeve to change the location of the pre-stroke oil to adjust the oil supply from time to time, but also can be matched up with the speed cam to control the injection rate and injection pressure. Komatsu has also developed a unique modular plunger the variable pre-trip KP2 1-type fuel pump, the German Bosch company also developed the RP39, RP43-type variable injection rate, spray Oil volume control timing and fuel injection control of sleeve-type injection pump, its working principle and structure and ZEXEL's P-TICS system similar to belong to a variable pre-stroke in-line pumps.
2, electronically controlled unit pump system
German Bosch company's electronic control unit pump (EUP) system that uses a shorter high-pressure pipeline, can realize a higher injection pressure, the maximum injection pressure of up to 1 60 MPa. The system uses high-speed solenoid valve controlled injection timing and injection volume.
3, electric control distribution of pump
Distribution of electronic control diesel engine fuel injection pump volume and injection timing control of commonly used high-speed solenoid valve, solenoid valve closure time corresponds to the injection timing, the electromagnetic valve from the closed to the open time to identify the injection volume, such as the Toyota The ECD-type electric control VE pump. Germany, Audi's diesel engines for cars also used the distribution of the electronic control pump. Stanadyne Corporation United States developed in the early 90s electric control distribution of DS-type pump used in the U.S. GM's 1994 model 6. 5L Turbocharged diesel engine, the maximum injection pressure of the pump up to 1 0 0 MPa, the newly developed RS-type electric control distribution pump can reach a higher injection pressure, the peak injection pressure close to 1 40 MPa.
4, Electronic Control Unit Injector System
Future heavy-duty diesel engine combustion system requirements for a maximum of about 1 50 MPa injection pressure, in order to meet emissions and noise regulations. To do this the world's major car companies are developing high-voltage-controlled fuel injection system, the most representative is the electronically controlled pump nozzle systems. The device can be divided into machine-driven, and two kinds of accumulator can reach the very high injection pressure, improve the quality of fuel atomization, greatly reduces the diesel engine cylinder vortex combustion system strength requirements, and even can be used non-vortex combustion system.
5, machine-driven electronic control system pump nozzle
Currently the most developed electronic control system is a mechanically driven pump nozzle-type electric control pump nozzle systems, such as the United States Detroit (De-troit) Diesel's DDEC Electronic Control Unit Injector, the German Bosch company PDE2 7 and PDE2 8 Electronically Controlled pump nozzle, the United States Carterpillar the company's electronic control pump nozzle, the United Kingdom L ucas CAV's EUI Electronically Controlled Unit Injector and so on. Existing products, injection pressure has reached 1 50 MPa, R & D has been used in diesel engines of up to 2 0 0 MPa, or even higher injection pressure of the pump nozzle systems. Mechanically driven electronic pump nozzle system has been fully developed in foreign countries , from the single-cylinder displacement of less than 1 L single-cylinder displacement of small diesel engines to a few large heavy-duty diesel engine are given L, the use of satisfactory results.
6, electronically controlled accumulator pump nozzle system
In recent years, electronically controlled accumulator pump nozzle research more active. Because it does not require mechanical drives and mechanical adjustment device, so you can not redesign the case of diesel engines to play a pump nozzle advantages. Such as the U.S. Caterpillar Inc. Electronically Controlled Accumulator pump nozzle systems HEUI, the system's main features are: the electronic control and hydraulic technology are combined according to time control injection process and the injection pressure; the system's work has nothing to do with the engine speed can be a wide operating conditions within the framework of maintaining a high injection pressure, the maximum injection pressure up to 1 50 MPa; with the injection rate control function, the initial oil phase, the ignition delay period and the main jet fuel supply during the optimization control; Application The fuel injection system of diesel smoke, particulate and NOX emissions and responsiveness are given improved.
BKM companies from the United States in 1975 started the development of electronically controlled accumulator pump nozzle, in 1983 with full production quantities. This servo fuel injection system to meet the 17 ~ 2 91 0 k W Diesel match the needs of a maximum injection pressure of up to 160 MPa.
Other products as well as Japan's Komatsu Ltd. KOMPICS electronic hydraulic pump nozzles, Denso's common-rail system, ECD-U2, and Germany's Bosch Diesel Common Rail accumulator injection system.